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When finished:
Hangman
acceptable capable or worthy; meeting only minimum requirements
accrued interest Interest accumulated at a given time but not yet due or paid. agent A person or business authorized to act on another's behalf. alignment The arrangement of text or graphics relative to a margin. analog Also spelled analogue, describes a device or system that represents changing values as continuously variable physical quantities. Ex. Clock with hands. animation A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames. application A software program that lets you complete a task, such as writing a paper, creating a poster, designing an image, or viewing a Web page. asset Items of ownership convertible into cash. asymmetry Lack of balance or symmetry. BCC Blind Courtesy Copy or Blind Carbon Copy. A way to send an e-mail message to more than one recipient, without the parties knowing that an identical message was sent to others. Using the BCC is a good way to avoid the long list of recipients that your correspondents usually have to wade through in the header of a mass-mailing. See CC. BTW An acronym often used in e-mail messages and chat sessions to mean: "by the way." balance Equal distribution of weight, amount, etc. bandwidth The amount of information that one can send through a connection, measures in bits-per-second (Bps). A standard page of English text contains about 16,000 bits. bankrupt At the end of one's resources bit A bit is an electronic signal which is either on (1) or off (0). It is the smallest unit of information the computer uses. biz Reserved for businesses. blog Short for Web log, a blog is a Web page that serves as a publicly accessible personal journal for an individual. Typically updated daily, blogs often reflect the personality of the author. bookmark The process of saving a URL in your Web browser. Allows the user to return to a particular site or entry by making a record of it. Boolean A search that involves the use of boolean operators (and, or, not) ; use of these operators to link terms in a search can help refine the scope of results eg. computers and education, computer or computers, computers not IBM.
budget An estimate, often itemized, of expected income and expense for a given period in the future. Burn (a CD) Burning a CD is the same as recording a CD. The word "burn" means "record" when discussing recordable CDs. CDs are recorded with a high-powered laser that literally burns the information to the underside of a CD. business card A small card on which is printed, typically, a person's name, job title, firm, business address, and telephone number. byte A set of 8 bits that means something to the computer, like a letter, number, or punctuation mark. For example, the byte 01001000 signifies the character H. The three-letter word hat requires 3 bytes.
CD Compact Disk, A small optical
disk on which data such as music, text, or graphic images is digitally
encoded. CD Drive The physical components necessary to read data from a CD-ROM. CD-ROM A round, shiny portable disk that stores large amounts of software and information. CPU Central Processing Unit. The CPU is the hardware that most people consider the "brain" of the computer. It takes instructions from software, makes calculations, and helps run the show! cell A cell is the "box" where a column and a row intersect, in a spreadsheet. chat Chat is a way people in different places can "talk" to each other by typing their words into a computer. checking account A bank account in which checks may be written against amounts on deposit. client A person or group that uses the professional advice or services of a lawyer, accountant, advertising agency, architect, etc. closed CD If a CD is closed, it is permanently write-protected. No further information can be added to the disc. Closing a CD is analogous to moving the write-protect tab on a floppy disc to the write-protect position. However, unlike floppies, you can only change the write-protect setting on a burned CD once. Once the disc is write-protected (closed), this setting is permanent. closed session A closed session is permanently write-protected. No further information may be added to that particular session. However, the remaining space on the CD is still open and may be recorded. coding The symbolic arrangement of statements or instructions in a computer program in which letters, digits, etc. are represented as binary numbers. collateral Security pledged for the payment of a loan. column A vertical section of text, a vertical section of a spreadsheet, a vertical section of a database table. com For businesses, commercial enterprises, or online services like America Online. Most companies use this extension. command key ( compression Storing data in a format that requires less space than usual. consistency A degree of density, firmness, viscosity, Vetc. contrast To compare in order to show unlikeness or differences control key (CTRL) A key used to access commands through the keyboard rather than the menus. CTRL commands are commonly shortcuts. control panel A window you can open to adjust various aspects of your computer, such as the volume, fonts, desktop background, mouse speed, and clock. cookie A cookie is a way for a place you visit on the World Wide Web site to remember that you've visited the site and possibly to retain some information about you. copyright The legal and intellectual right of a person or company to retain control of an original work. cover letter A letter that accompanies another letter, a package, or the like, to explain, commend, etc. credit Time allowed for payment for goods or services obtained on trust. credit card A plastic card having a magnetic strip, issued by a bank or business authorizing the holder to buy goods or services on credit. credit rating A classification of credit risk based on investigation of a customer's or potential customer's financial resources, prior payment pattern, and personal history or degree of personal responsibility for debts incurred. credit report A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender to in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. cursor An on-screen blinking character that shows current location and where the next character will appear when entered. cyberspace A metaphor for describing the non-physical terrain created by computer systems. DSL Digital subscriber line. DVD digital video disc The DVD specification supports disks with capacities of from 4.7GB to 17GB. data Distinct pieces of information, usually formatted in a special way. database A database is an organized collection of information. It is like a box of 3x5 cards that you can search, sort and analyze rapidly with a database program. default A value used
when none other is specified. design 1) Organization or structure of formal elements in a work of art; composition. 2) to prepare the preliminary sketch or the plans. desktop The background behind all your windows, menus, and dialog boxes: your virtual desk. You can change the look of your desktop by applying different properties to it through your control panel. desktop publishing The use of a computer and software to produce inexpensive but good quality publications; usually incorporates text and graphics on the same page in an appealing manner. develop Bring to a more advanced or effective state. dial-up service A common method of connecting to the Internet. A user's modem dials up to a service provider, through which an Internet connection is established. digital A form of representation in which distinct objects (digits) are used to stand for something in the real world. directory A logical storage unit, allows users to group files in an organized way using hierarchal folders and sub-folders. dissolve A term used to describe a transition effect in which one video clip (or one image) is gradually fads out while another image simultaneously replaces the original one. domain name
The unique address name for an Internet site. The part on the left
is the most specific, and the part on the right is the most general.
Each domain name is associated with one and only one
Internet Protocol Number,
which is translated by a
Domain Name System
(DNS). dominance The state that exists when one person or group has power over another. "dot" represented by a period that is used to separate a filename from its extension. download To save a file onto your computer from another source, like the Internet. People often download files, such as free-ware, share-ware, for installations, and sounds, movie clips, text files, or news streams onto their computer for viewing or listening. driver Software or hardware that controls the interface between a computer and a peripheral device. editor A program designed for entering and manipulating text via a keyboard. edu For educational institutions and universities. efficiency The state or quality of being efficient; competency in performance. e-mail Abbreviation for electronic mail. A
letter or memo sent to a person or group electronically on the Internet.
ethical Pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct. export To format data in such a way that it can be used by another application. extension In computer operating systems, a file name extension is an optional addition to the file name in a suffix of the form ".xxx" where "xxx" represents a limited number of alphanumeric characters depending on the operating system. FAQ Abbreviation for Frequently Asked Questions. A document (often a hypertext document) containing common questions and answers for a particular website or topic. FTP File Transfer Protocol. A set of rules that allows two computers to "talk" to one another while transferring files from one to another. This is the protocol used when you transfer a file from one computer to another across the Internet. Many Internet sites have publicly accessible repositories of information that can be obtained using FTP, by logging in using the account name "anonymous." These sites are called "anonymous ftp servers." fade out A term used to describe a transition effect where the image slowly disappears into a black. fair use The conditions under which you can use material that is copyrighted by someone else without paying royalties. file A document or unit stored electronically and identified by a unique name. file management Also referred to as simply a file system or filesystem. The system that an operating system or program uses to organize and keep track of files. field In a database, a field holds exactly one type of information about an item or subject. file extension A set of characters that follow a filename and are separated from it by a period, used to identify the kind of file. fill color To paint the inside of an enclosed object. firewall Hardware and/or software that separates a Local Area Network (LAN) into two or more parts for security purposes. flame Personal verbal attacks on other Internet users, via e-mail, USENET, or mailing lists. Flame wars occur when a series of flames are sent back and forth between two or more people. floppy disk A round, floppy piece of plastic that you put into a computer to store information. It is in a hard square cover for protection. flash A bandwidth friendly and browser independent vector-graphic animation technology. flash drive A plug-in play stick of external storage space. Also called travel or stick drive. folder Refers to a collection of files or other folders on IBM compatible computers. font A font is a set of printable or displayable text characters in a specific style and size. The type design for a set of fonts is the typeface and variations of this design form the typeface family. footer One or more lines of text that appear at the bottom of every page of a document. format 1. To prepare a diskette or hard disk to accept data for a certain computer. 2. A particular arrangement and/or layout of data on magnetic media or display screen data. formula A definition associated with a cell or field that defines the relationship between two or more values, usually as a mathematical operation like adding, dividing or averaging. forum An online discussion group. fragmentation When a file is too large to store in a single location on a hard disk, it is stored on the disk in discontinuous (not adjacent) parts or fragments. Disk defragmenter is a utility that rearranges your fragmented files and the free space on your computer so that files are stored in contiguous units and free space is consolidated in one contiguous block. fraud Deceit, trickery, sharp practice, or breach of confidence, perpetrated for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage. freeware Software that is available free of charge for
personal use. gigabyte A unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,024 megabytes (230 bytes). gov Reserved for United States government agencies. gradient A graded change in the magnitude of some physical quantity or dimension. greeting To salute or welcome in a friendly and respectful way with speech or writing, as upon meeting or in opening a letter. graphics Refers to any computer device or program that makes a computer capable of displaying and manipulating pictures. HTML Hypertext
Markup Language. This is the coding language used to create sites on the
World Wide Web. HTTP Abbreviation for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. Often this is the initial sequence of letters in a web address. hacker A hacker is a very capable programmer. 1) A person who enjoys learning details of a programming language or system 2) A person who enjoys actually doing the programming rather than just theorizing about it 3) A person capable of appreciating someone else's hacking 4) A person who picks up programming quickly 5) A person who is an expert at a particular programming language or system, as in "UNIX hacker." hard copy The printed output of a computer program. hard drive A device for storing information in a fixed location within your computer. The equivalent of a filing cabinet in an office, the hard drive is used for storing programs and documents that are not being used. hardware The parts of a computer system that you can touch. header A region at the beginning of each file where bookkeeping information is kept. hit
Also called a
page hit. The retrieval of any item, like a page or a graphic,
from a Web server. host The name given to any computer directly connected to the Internet. Host computers are usually associated with running computer networks, online services, or bulletin board systems. A host computer on the Internet could be anything from a mainframe to a personal computer. See also DNS. hypertext Generally any text in a file that contains words, phrases, or graphics that, when clicked, cause another document to be retrieved and displayed. Hypertext most often appears blue and underlined in Web pages. IP Abbreviation for Internet Protocol. A protocol that ensures data goes where it is supposed to go on the Internet. IP Number Internet
Protocol number. A unique number consisting of four parts separated by
dots, for example 129.237.247.243. This is the number assigned to a host
machine which is retrieved by a DNS when a request for an Internet site
is made. These numbers usually correspond to unique domain names, which
are easier for people to remember. icon a tiny picture on the screen that represents a program, file or folder. image Type of picture or graphic. import To format data in such a way that it can be used by a application. income The monetary payment received for goods or services, or from other sources, as rents or investments. infringement A violation, as of a law, regulation, or agreement; a breach. insurance Coverage by contract in which one party agrees to indemnify or reimburse another for loss. interest rate The percentage of a sum of money charged for its use. internet The Internet is millions of computers around the world connected to each other. internet protocol address (a.k.a. IP address) An assigned series of numbers unique to each computer on the Internet which is used to identify it for data exchanges. internet service provider A company that provides dial-up or direct access to the Internet for a fee. Sometimes referred to as ISP. interview A formal meeting in which one or more persons question, consult, or evaluate another person intrusion An illegal act of entering, seizing, or taking possession of another's. Java Java is a programming language expressly designed for use in the distributed environment of the Internet.
keyboard A hardware device consisting of a
number of mechanical buttons (keys) which the user presses to input
characters to a computer.
landscape A page with landscape orientation is wider than it is tall. LCD Short for liquid crystal display, a type of display used in digital watches and many portable computers. LCD displays utilize two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution between them lease A contract renting land, buildings, etc., to another. letterhead A printed heading on stationery, esp. one giving the name and address of a business concern, an institution, etc. license agreement Agreement by purchaser to limit use of software to the number of licenses paid for, may be for a single computer or any higher number paid for (often a school will purchase a site or network license so that all computers in the school can legally use the program which was paid for) link Using hypertext, a link is a selectable connection from one word, picture, or information object to another.
loan
A sum of money lent at interest.
mail merge A function of some word processing programs that allows the user to insert varying information in form letters, envelopes, and other mass mailings. megabyte A unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,048,576 (220) bytes. memory The electronic holding place for data that your computer's microprocessor can reach quickly sometimes referred to as RAM. menu bar A horizontal strip at the top of a window that shows the menus available in a program. menu A list from which the user may select an operation to be performed. modem A device that links a computer to other computers through a telephone line. monitor The TV-like part of the computer that you look at to see information. mouse A palm-sized, button-operated device that can be slid to move the cursor. motherboard
A computer's main circuit board, containing the CPU, microprocessor
support chips, RAM, and expansion (bus) slots. Also known as the logic
board. multimedia A method of production and presentation that makes use of more than one medium and places an emphasis on interactivity; a common form of multimedia is the CD-ROM encyclopedia with pictures, movies and sound. nesting Embedding one object in another object of the same type. net For networks; usually reserved for organizations such as Internet service providers. netiquette The unwritten "rules" of etiquette used on the Internet. network
A group of connected computers that allows people to share information
and equipment. Many schools have a Local Area Network and are also
connected to a Wide Area Network, such as the World Wide Web. online Turned
on and connected. For example, printers are online when they are ready
to receive data from the computer. operating system Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks. optical Of, relating to, or utilizing light. org For non-profit organizations. overdraft An act or instance of overdrawing a checking account
POP3 POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is the most recent version of a standard protocol for receiving e-mail. POP3 is a client-server protocol in which e-mail is received and held for you by your Internet server. pan Refers to a horizontal camera movement where a wide view is required pantone A set of standard colors for printing, each of which is specified by a number. password Secret code of letters and numbers
needed to gain access to a time-sharing computer or FTP system, or to
protect Web pages. personal computer (PC) An only the IBM-compatible microcomputer. piracy Piracy the illegal duplication of copyrighted software without the permission of the software owner or publisher. pixel A tiny dot of light on the monitor. placeholder One who holds a place. plagiarism The unauthorized use or close
imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the
representation of them as one's own original work. portrait A page that is taller than it is wide. posting Can refer to a message or article that appears on a newsgroup or message board system, or the act of sending an electronic message to a newsgroup or message board. posture The position of the limbs or the carriage of the body as a whole. principal A capital sum, as distinguished from interest or profit. processors Chips that process data and instructions. The processor is the most important part of a computer. program An organized list of instructions that, when executed, causes the computer to behave in a predetermined manner. Without programs, computers are useless. protocol The rules make possible the exchange of messages between users on the Internet, or within any given network. proximity The property of being close together. public domain The status of a literary work or an invention whose copyright or patent has expired or that never had such protection. pulldown menu A list of options that "pulls down" when you select a menu at the top of a window. For example, the File menu in most programs is a pulldown menu that reveals commands such as open, new, and save. publish To issue (printed or otherwise reproduced textual or graphic material, computer software, etc.) for sale or distribution to the public.
query A search
term, phrase or question that specifies the data to be retrieved.
ROM Read Only Memory. Readable memory that cannot be corrupted by accidental erasure. ROM retains its data when the computer is turned off. raster graphics Geometrical formulas to represent images. Bitmap images. record In a database, a record holds all the information about one item or subject. It is like one index card in an index card file. repetition The act or process or an instance of repeating. resolution Refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image. resume A brief written account of personal, educational, and professional qualifications and experience, as that prepared by an applicant for a job. return address The address of the sender of a letter or parcel indicating where it should be returned if it cannot be delivered. revenue An amount of money regularly coming in. rhythm A patterned repetition of a motif, formal element. row A horizontal section of a spreadsheet, a horizontal section of a database table. royalty A compensation or portion of the proceeds paid to the owner of a right, as a patent or oil or mineral right, for the use of it. SPAM Electronic junk mail or junk newsgroup postings. safe mode A specific way for the Windows operating system to load when there is a system-critical problem. salutation A word or phrase of greeting used to begin a letter or message. scale A certain relative or proportionate size. scandisk A Windows utility used to check your hard disk for errors and to correct problems that are found. These errors often occur when Windows locks up and must be restarted or when Windows is improperly shut down.
session Think of a session as a "recording session." Just as it implies, a session is a group of information recorded at one time, in the same recording session. A session may contain one track (as is usually the case with Data CDs) or several tracks (as in most Audio CDs). shareware Copyrighted software that is available for personal use for a small fee, and often downloadable from the Internet. shortcuts
Key strokes that enact the same commands available in the menus of
a program. They are quicker and more direct, and usually involve two or
three keys depressed simultaneously. An example is the save
shortcut: CTRL + s
on a PC or
snail mail Slang for regular, paper mail sent through the postal services. software The programs that run on a computer. splash page The page of a Web site that the user sees first before being given the option to continue to the main content of the site. spreadsheets A document which helps you organize data in rows and columns of cells. stock The shares of a particular company or corporation. surfing To browse. symmetry The correspondence in size,
form, and arrangement of parts on opposite sides of a plane, line, or
point.
tag A command inserted in a document that specifies how the document, or a portion of the document, should be formatted. tax A sum of money demanded by a government for its support or for specific facilities or services. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. The programming protocols invented by individuals in the U.S. Department of Defense to carry messages around the Internet. techinque The systematic procedure by which
a complex or scientific task is accomplished. telecommunications Sending and receiving information by means of the telephone system. transition
What the author shows between two shots or clips. track A track is an individual group of information. This can be a single song on an audio CD or a group of data on a data CD. Audio CDs are made up of several tracks (each song is a track). By contrast, most data CDs have only one track, even if the disc contains different types of data. URL Uniform Resource Locators. This is the address of any given site on the Internet. The URL of this site is: http://www.4teachers.org/glossary/index.shtml unauthorized Not supposed to use or access. unethical "not" + ethical unity A whole or totality as combining all its parts into one. unzipping Unzipping is the act of un-compressing a compressed file package back into its original uncompressed and separate files. If you download programs from shareware or freeware companies on the Web, they almost always send you a zipped file (the file name has a suffix of ".zip"). upload Transferring a file or files from the
user's computer to a remote computer. utility A program that performs a very specific task, usually related to managing system resources. vector graphics
Images on a computer that if enlarged the
get blurry. Photos. video editing The process of manipulating video images. virtual With regard to memory, virtual refers to temporarily storing information on the hard drive. Virtual memory is controlled automatically by the operating system. virus A virus is a computer program that was written to purposely damage computer systems. volume The amount of 3-dimensional
space occupied by an object WAN Wide Area Network. This network connects several computer so they can share files and sometimes equipment, as well as exchange e-mail. A wide area network connects computers across a large geographic area, such as a city, state, or country. The World Wide Web is a WAN.
wallpaper The monitor pattern or picture or other graphic representation that forms the background. web browser Software that enables users to navigate the world wide web; before browsers, users had to type a series of commands to use internet, and there were no pictures or hypertext links as guides. web master An individual who manages a Web site. Whois An Internet database that provides information on a person or an organization. wiki A collaborative Web site comprises the perpetual collective work of many authors. wireless "having no wires". withdrawal Taking money our of an account. word processor The software used to produce documents, such as letters, posters, reports, and syllabi. Common word processors used in schools are MS Works, MS Word, or ClarisWorks. word wrap A feature of a word processing software that moves the cursor to the next line without pressing the ENTER key. www. The Web is the part of the Internet that consists of pages (documents) linked to each other around the world. These pages have pictures, sounds, and more.
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DMS Comp App Home ~ MSD Decatur Home Page ~ Decatur Middle School Home Page
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